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Engineered Stone and its Harmful Links to Silicosis

Engineered Stone and its Harmful Links to Silicosis

Finch has recently posted regarding the accelerated silicosis among tradesmen working with engineered (artificial) engineered stone, in widespread use as kitchen worktops. The Health & Safety Executive (HSE) has announced that it will not be following Australia and banning the use the material as it considers such a ban unnecessary.

Posted

03.09.2024

Written by

Morag McWilliam Dr Stephen Cowley

Engineered (artificial) stone has a very high silica content and when it is cut, drilled and polished, it can release high dust levels resulting in the inhalation of silica. Silica has long been known to cause silicosis, which is a fibrosis of the lungs that can progress and result in death.

The first cases in the UK are now numbering  at least 11 and the CEO of The British Occupational Hygiene Society (BOHS, the Chartered Society for Worker Health Protection) says, “This cluster of workers who are young when disabling illness hits are the tip of the iceberg”.

In recent years, silica has been scheduled as a carcinogen, i.e., has the potential to cause lung cancer. In the UK, the designation of silica dust as a potential carcinogen means that exposure must be kept as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). As such, if the material is not removed from use, workers undertaking work on engineered stone that could release dust must be protected by means such as dust suppression with water and local exhaust ventilation (LEV).

In addition to the HSE, the BOHS does not support a ban on the manufacture and use of engineered stone but wants to raise awareness amongst workers in kitchen materials fabrication and installation that they run high risk of serious long-term health issues when using engineered stone as well as natural stone, wood and laminate.

The BOHS has issued guidance on measures to reduce risk including the use of water jet cutters and the use of tools and machinery designed for the fitting of water for dust suppression.

. Where water suppression cannot be used, LEV should be used. If automated cutting is possible, the process can be enclosed and the LEV is likely to be more effective.

When using hand tools that do not have water suppression, work should be in a ventilated booth, enclosing the process as much as possible. Tools can be fitted with on-tool extraction (known as low-volume, high velocity LEV). LEV requires thorough inspection and testing at least every 14 months.

In addition, good work practices should be followed. These include maximising separation of the workers and the stone working processes, preventing water from water suppression drying and the dust becoming airborne, ensuring good housekeeping and personal hygiene, laundering of work clothes, etc.

If the dust cannot be adequately controlled and during maintenance and cleaning tasks, it is likely that personal respiratory protection will be required. Any form of personal protective equipment (PPE) is a ‘last resort’ as it is prone to failure for a variety of reasons. Preventing failure and providing the best protection of workers requires a PPE management programme that includes appropriate selection, fitting, training, supervision of use, and maintenance. With respiratory protection, tight fitting masks will require face-fit testing to ensure that the wearer can achieve a seal between the mask and their face.

The selection of respiratory protection will depend on the likely dust levels in the workplace and this might necessitate air monitoring. Health surveillance (occupational health medical checks) of workers involved in processes involving silica will be required.

In short, the continued use of engineered stone will require employers to ensure that they have controlled silica dust to levels that are as low as reasonably practicable and that there are good risk control and employee health managing systems in place.

If you need help understanding your or your employee’s risks when using artificial stone please get in touch with Dr Steve Cowley & Morag McWilliam.

 

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